super absorbent polymer
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sap
Superabsorbent polymer (also called slush powder ) can absorb and retain extremely large amounts of a liquid relative to their own mass. [1] Water-absorbing polymers , which are classified as hydrogels when cross-linked, [2] absorb aqueous solutions through hydrogen bonding with water molecules. A SAP's ability to absorb water depends on the ionic concentration of the aqueous solution. In deionized and distilled water , a SAP may absorb 300 times its weight (from 30 to 60 times its own volume) and can become up to 99.9% liquid, but when put into a 0.9% saline solution, the absorbency drops to approximately 50 times its weight [ citation needed ] . The presence of valence cations in the solution impedes the polymer's ability to bond with the water molecule. The total absorbency and swelling capacity are controlled by the type and degree of cross-linkers used to make the gel . Low-density cross-linked SAPs generally have a ...
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